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Solution
Primary Research Methods; Justifications and Limitations
In modern research works, obtaining primary data could be two-sided (qualitative or quantitative). While evaluating the concept of people analytics, CIPD (2022a) identify the quantitative research as use of quantified or numerical data in understanding specific concepts under focus in an area of study. In research, the use of quantitative data is important and more appropriate when the answers to be sourced are not to be informed by opinions, views or what is viewed as right. Specifically, the best statistical data is obtained by reviewing how often, much, hoe many and who. Considering the identified questions, Bloomfield, and Fisher (2019) note that they are more appropriate when the data is sourced by using surveys for successfully answering and obtaining relevant data.
Further, according to L. Haven and Van Grootel (2019) the qualitative data is used to source data which relate to respondents opinions, views and assumptions on specific identified areas of interest. The different with quantitative is that the priority is on measuring the content effectiveness which are to be used in a particular research. In this regard, it provides a detailed and appropriate image for the features of the issues encountered in particular research areas. For instance, while reviewing how the cultural differences elicit the issues linked with employees miscommunication, the qualitative data could be obtained. Apart from the use of interviews, observations and focus groups are similarly identified as instrumental in pursuing a research of such nature. When using the qualitative research, the data obtained is grouped as being descriptive and observable trends in a population narrowed down to respondents. In this regard, the how type questions are used which eventually lead to maximum satisfaction for engaged players through an evaluation of how type of questions.
Further, albeit of the identified importance which is linked by the choice of using quantitative research in this study, it is in equal measure defined with limitations which could hinder its successful consideration and use as a priority in this research. This is noted by Rahman (2020) as the quantitative research contrary to the qualitative research being obtained and sourced by using it in significantly and tightly controlled environments. The outcomes of the process is defined with increased rich level and detailed information. This could have a negative impact on successful data analysis process, The quantitative data is also limited in terms of their effectiveness in a situation of diversity and conflicting theoretical aspects are not in place to distinguish the concepts of focus (Ryba et al., 2022).
Taking into account of earlier identified research questions and areas of interest, a set of recommendations need to be prioritised and evaluated by holistically pursuing literature review. The different variables would be evaluated and relevant findings and conclusions obtained effectively. This is specifically the relevant of cultural diversity and miscommunication issues in modern organisations.
Therefore, in line with the table 1 summary, for obtaining appropriate findings on aspects of employees cultural factors and their impact on miscommunications, quantitative research would be most appropriate. This is as identified in the research questions which evaluate on the different concepts.
Gathering information
Considering the context of this research work, the quantitative data has been most preferred for use due to a set of reasons informed on the need to work on the quantitative research. This is supported by Wilmot et al. (2019) which note that the quantitative research is pursued through a relevant opportunity to support the identified hypothesis testing. A case example is whereby use of the quantitative research strategy, it is possible to test their impact on the noted independent variables which are the cultural differences and the miscommunication which h are dependent and independent variables respectively. Further, as hypothesised in Nayak and Narayan (2019) the quantitative research data sourced is high reliable.
The findings obtained leads to an appropriate conclusion and further recommendations which evidence the appropriateness of the correlation. Additionally, using the quantitative research data, it is executed in a way that the researcher is best positioned in capitalising on the less engagements with the various study respondents.
Any instances of bias is mitigated which could lead to the obtained findings being distorted significantly. This is distinct from the qualitative research which only a single researcher is engaged who manages the entire research work hence a potential of being biased. This is noted to lead to the final research findings being unsubstantiated and ineffective owing to the consideration of the researchers to obtain good findings.
Research Population and Selecting Sample
Since this research would adopt the online surveys, Saudi Aramco has more than 10,000 employees both inshore and offshore areas. Since the employees are from different cultures, they form potential respondents to be involved in the current research. For this population, a total of 60 respondents would be targeted which is fairly representative for the population in Saudi Aramco. The respondents would be required to have sufficient experience working in Saudi Aramco and from different cultures informed by their backgrounds. They would also be required to be from different genders to affirm the study representative nature.
Analysis of data
The questionnaire used is comprised of Likert Scale type hence analysed by using Microsoft Excel and SPSS tool. The use of this ensure that the data sourced pertaining to the different stakeholders in the research, the scale was being adopted. A case example is where it was restructured appropriately with all contents being applied. In current research, the intention was to evaluate on the employees cultural differences and miscommunication and how they are interconnected. Considering this, the identified Likert Scale which is inclusive of 5 points make sure the respondents data is appropriately used.
Apart from leveraging on the questionnaire to obtain demographic data and various Saudi Aramco operations, the other main variables were important and presented in the research and as relevant in the already reviewed literature presented in peer reviewed journals. Similarly, this has had an impact on recognising the relevance of using the questionnaires amongst the different respondents. According to Taherdoost (2019) the advantage of use of the Likert Scale is informed by the fact that appropriate interval-form of the opportunities for holistic data analysis being used.
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